Clothing is composed of three elements: style, color and material. Material is the most basic element. Clothing materials refer to all materials that make up clothing, which can be divided into clothing fabrics and clothing accessories. Here, I mainly introduce to you some knowledge about clothing fabrics.
1. The concept of clothing fabric: Refers to the material that embodies the main characteristics of clothing.
2. Commonly used clothing fabrics
1) Cotton fabric: refers to fabrics woven with cotton yarn or cotton and cotton-type chemical fiber blended yarn . It has good breathability, good moisture absorption, and is comfortable to wear. It is a popular fabric with strong practicality. It can be divided into two categories: pure cotton products and cotton blends.
2) Linen fabrics: Pure linen fabrics woven from linen fibers and fabrics blended or interwoven with linen and other fibers are collectively called linen fabrics. The common characteristics of linen fabrics are hard and tough texture, rough and stiff, cool and comfortable, and good hygroscopicity. They are ideal summer clothing fabrics. Linen fabrics can be divided into two categories: pure spinning and blended spinning.
3) Silk fabric: It is a high-end variety of textiles. Mainly refers to fabrics made of mulberry silk, tussah silk, rayon, and synthetic fiber filaments as the main raw materials. It has the advantages of being thin, light, soft, smooth, elegant, gorgeous and comfortable.
4) Wool fabric: It is a fabric made of wool, rabbit hair, camel hair, and wool-type chemical fiber as the main raw materials. Wool is generally used as the raw material. It is a high-end clothing fabric all year round. It has the advantages of good elasticity, anti-wrinkle, crispness, wear resistance, strong warmth retention, comfortable and beautiful, pure color, etc., and is very popular among consumers.
5) Chemical fiber fabrics: Chemical fiber fabrics are loved by people for their high fastness, good elasticity, crispness, wear resistance and washability, and easy storage and collection. Pure fiber fabric is a fabric woven from pure chemical fiber. Its properties are determined by the properties of the chemical fiber itself. Chemical fibers can be processed into certain lengths according to different needs, and can be woven into silk-like, cotton-like, linen-like, elastic wool-like, mid-length wool-like and other fabrics according to different processes.
6) Other clothing fabrics
1. Knitted clothing fabrics: one or several yarns are continuously bent into loops along the weft or warp direction and strung together. Made of sets.
2. Fur: pelliccia in English, leather with fur, generally used for winter cold-proof boots and shoes, or for shoe decoration.
3. Leather: various tanned animal skins. The purpose of tanning is to prevent the skin from deteriorating. The skin of some small livestock, reptiles, fish and birds is called (Skin) in English, while in Italy or some other countries it is often expressed by “Pelle” and its synonyms. This type of leather.
4. New fabrics and special fabrics: batik, tie-dye, space cotton, etc.
3. Identification of commonly used clothing fabrics
1) Sensory method
1. Pure cotton cloth: The surface of the cloth has a soft luster , soft to the touch, less elastic, and easy to wrinkle. If you pinch the fabric tightly with your hands and then loosen it, you will see obvious wrinkles, and the folds are not easy to return to their original shape. Pull out a few warp and weft yarns from the edge of the cloth and twist them to see if the fibers are of different lengths.
2. Viscose cotton cloth (including artificial cotton and fiber-rich cloth): The cloth surface has a soft and bright luster, bright colors, smooth and smooth texture, soft hand feel and poor elasticity. If you pinch the fabric tightly with your hands and release it, you will see obvious creases, and the creases are not easy to return to their original shape.
3. Polyester-cotton cloth: The luster is brighter than pure cotton cloth, the cloth surface is smooth, clean and free of yarn ends or impurities. It feels smooth and crisp, and has better elasticity than pure cotton. If you pinch the fabric tightly with your hands and release it, the creases will not be obvious and it can easily return to its original shape.
4. Pure wool worsted woolen fabric: The surface of the fabric is smooth and clean, and the texture is fine and clear. The luster is soft and natural, and the color is pure. It feels soft and elastic. Pinch the dough tightly with your hands and loosen it. The crease will not be obvious and it can quickly return to its original shape. Most of the yarn count is double strand.
5. Pure woolen woolen woolen cloth: the woolen cloth is plump and the texture is tight and thick. There is fine velvet on the surface, and the texture is generally not visible. It feels warm, plump and elastic. The yarns are mostly thick single yarns.
6. Wool-polyester blended woolen fabric: looks like pure wool fabric. The texture of the woolen fabric is clear, flat and smooth, and its hand feel is not as soft as that of pure wool fabrics. It has a stiff and rough feel, and its elasticity exceeds that of whole wool and wool viscose woolen fabrics. Squeeze the fabric with your hands and release it, and the creases will quickly return to their original shape.
7. Wool and fine blended woolen fabrics: mostly worsted. It has strong wool feel, wool style and warmth. Not as elastic as wool and polyester.
8. Wool and brocade blended wool: The surface is smooth, the wool feels strong, the appearance is waxy and shiny, and the feel is stiff. If you pinch the material tightly with your hands and then loosen it, there will be obvious creases and it will slowly return to its original shape.
9. Real silk: The silk surface is smooth and clean, with soft luster and bright and pure colors. It feels smooth, soft and looks light and elegant. When dry, the silk surface feels like a pull when touched, and there is a “silky sound” when it is torn.
10. Viscose silk fabric (rayon): The silk surface is bright but not soft, colorful, smooth to the touch, soft and drapey, but not as light and elegant as silk. If the silk surface is loosened after being pinched by hand, there will be creases and the recovery will be slow. The sound was hoarse as it tore. After the warp and weft yarns are wetted with water, they are easily broken.
2) Combustion identification method
List of burning characteristics of several commonly used fibers:
Cotton
close to flame, does not shrink or melt . When exposed to flame, it burns rapidly with orange flame and blue smoke. Leave the flame and keep burning. Burnt paper smells less and has less ash, which is linear in shape. The ash powder is soft and light gray in color.00 yuan/meter, and the weight of fabrics in summer is generally about 140 grams. The colors on the market include light gray, coffee, nine red, light cyan, beige, and brown, which are the most popular among customers. The post-dyeing and finishing processes include bronzing, embroidery, pad dyeing, printing, etc.
10-stripe linen:
This fabric uses polyester FDY150D/96F as the warp and weft raw materials, and is twisted It is then interwoven on a water-jet loom using a plain stripe structure, with a warp and weft density of 500X338/10 cm. The gray fabric is scoured, relaxed, creped – alkali reduced – dyed – soft and set. The warp and weft wires are relatively loosely arranged,
Rich in breathability,
The meridional direction has a striped shape, which is very three-dimensional. The fabric is soft and crisp, not easy to fade and wrinkle, and is an ideal fabric for women of all ages to make short-sleeved shirts and fashion skirts. The width of the fabric is 144cm and the weight is 208g/2. The texture and color effects of the fabric are far superior to similar products in the past. Its thinness has won the favor of many fashionable women. The upper body of a ready-made suit is both decent and generous, as well as elegant and elegant.
This article may be a bit redundant, even if you don’t often buy cloth children’s shoes You can also tell the difference, just use it as supplementary information
The difference between the front and back of fabrics
(1) Generally, the pattern and color of the front of fabric are clearer and more beautiful than the back.
(2) For fabrics with a striped appearance and color-matching patterned fabrics, the front pattern must be clear and pleasing to the eye.
(3), convex strips and concave and convex fabrics, the front side is tight and delicate, with strips or patterned ridges; while the reverse side is rough, with longer floating lines.
(4) Fleece fabric: single-sided fleece fabric, with the fleece side as the front. For double-sided raised fabrics, the smooth and neat side of the pile is the front of the fabric.
(5) Observe the edge of the fabric. The smooth and neat side of the edge is the front of the fabric.
(6) For double-layer or multi-layer fabrics, if the warp and weft densities of the front and back sides are different, the front side will generally have a higher density or the front side will be made of better materials.
(7) Leno fabric: The side with clear lines and protruding twisted warps is the front.
(8) Towel fabric: The side with higher terry density is the front side.
(9) Printed fabric: The side with clear pattern and brighter color is the front.
(10) Whole piece of fabric: Except for export products, those with instructions (trademarks) and factory inspection stamps are usually on the reverse side. For most fabrics, there are obvious differences between the front and back sides, but there are also many fabrics whose front and back sides are very similar and can be used on both sides. Therefore, it is not necessary to distinguish the front and back sides of such fabrics.
Read this article as a supplement to your knowledge
Common knowledge about sewing threads–commonly mentioned specifications
Commonly used sewing thread models include 202, 203, and 402. 403, 602, 603 and so on.
Thread is usually made of several strands of yarn twisted side by side. The numbers 20, 40, 60, etc. in front of the sewing thread model all refer to the yarn count. The yarn count can be simply understood as the thickness of the yarn. The higher the count, the finer the yarn; the 2 and 3 after the model number respectively indicate that the sewing thread is made of several strands of yarn twisted together. For example: 603 is made of 3 strands of 60 count yarn twisted together. Therefore, the higher the number of yarns, the higher the thread count, the thinner the thread and the lower the strength; while the higher the number of strands, the thicker the thread and the weaker the strength. The bigger.
Line thickness comparison: 203>202>403>402>603>602
Line strength comparison is similar to line thickness!
Generally speaking: 602 thread is mostly used for thin fabrics, such as silk, georgette, etc. for summer wear;
603 and 402 threads are basically universal and are the most common sewing threads. They can be used on general fabrics, such as cotton, linen, polyester, viscose and other commonly used fabrics; 403 thread is used for thicker fabrics, such as woolen fabrics, etc.;
202 and 203 threads can also be called denim threads. They are thicker and stronger and are mostly used for sewing denim, bags, etc.
