Carding and combing process
1. Carding system and combing system The carding system is completed by the carding process, and the combing system is completed by the carding and combing processes. The former combs, removes impurities, mixes, evenly and strips the cotton roll (or cotton stream). The latter decomposes short lint, further combs the fibers to straighten them and remove neps and impurities, and evenly forms strips. When producing yarn or chemical fiber yarn used in general cotton fabrics. Generally, quality requirements can be met by carding with a carding machine. When spinning polyester/cotton yarns with higher quality and industrial yarns with very demanding requirements, the combing process should be carried out after carding. When short fibers in raw cotton are removed during the combing process, product quality can be significantly improved. 2. Combing planning process There are generally three forms of planning process, and their characteristics are described below. (1) Pre-draw frame → Coiler: referred to as the “coil” process, the total number of draw frames is about 96 to 160, and the total draft ratio is about 6 to 13 times. The characteristics of this process are that the machine occupies a small area, consumes less energy, has a simple structure, and is easy to manage and repair; due to the small draft multiple, the straightness and parallelism of the fibers in the small rolls are not enough, and due to the merging method of slivers, When rolled into rolls, the small rolls produced have streaks, poor transverse uniformity, and more waste. This process is currently commonly adopted in fabric factories and is suitable for general combing process requirements. (2) Strip winding machine and parallel winding machine: referred to as “parallel winding” process, the total number of strips combined is about 96~120, and the total draft multiple is about 6.5-9.5 times. Its characteristics are that the small rolls are well formed, the layers are clear, and the transverse uniformity is good, which is beneficial to the holding of the pliers during carding and the waste is even. It is suitable for spinning fine and extra-fine yarns (>6tex) with fine-staple cotton and long-staple cotton. This process is often used in imported equipment. (3) Pre-draw frame → draw frame combined machine: referred to as “strip draw frame” process, the total number of draw frames is about 288-400, and the total draft ratio is about 18-32 times. The characteristics of this process are that the small rolls have good transverse uniformity and the straightness and parallelism of the fibers are high, which is beneficial to improving the output and quality of the orange combing machine and the yield of spinnable fibers. However, it occupies a large area. When spinning long-staple cotton, roll sticking may easily occur due to excessive drafting ratio. Therefore, the temperature and humidity of the workshop must be strictly controlled. In addition to using this process in imported equipment, new strip-and-roll combined machines have been produced in China for adoption in the design of new plants. Due to the increased number of combinations, the number of combing processes can be reduced when spinning medium and fine yarns (9.7-27.8tex), which is suitable for the combing process requirements of medium and fine yarns. In the combing system, the number of combing planning process passes should follow an even number configuration, so that the back-hook fibers in the card sliver will be in a forward-hook state when entering the combing machine after being turned around and stretched in two processes, so as to facilitate the combing of the cylinder. Removed during combing.
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