Classification of elastic fabrics
High elastic fabrics: highly elongated and quickly resilient; when the stretch rate is 30% to 50%, the recovery rate is reduced by less than 5% to 6%; applicable Suitable for ski wear, swimwear, women’s bras and sportswear, etc.
n Medium stretch fabric: also known as comfortable elastic fabric; when its stretch rate is 20%~30%, the recovery rate is reduced by less than 2%~5%; suitable for daily clothing and interior decoration products.
Low elastic fabric: also known as general elastic fabric. It is usually a low-proportion spandex elastic yarn fabric with a stretch rate of less than 20%; suitable for general clothing, such as men’s and women’s shirts, coats, and work clothes.
The development of elastic fibers
In 1930, the German Bayer and IG companies developed polyurethane for synthetic rubber and Plastic; 1954 Dupont USA
The company applied this technology to the development of spandex fiber, and in 1959 realized the industrial production of polyurethane solution dry spinning for the first time, naming it Lycra. Elastane was first used in products such as bras, underwear and stockings.
Spandex has been widely used in knitted and woven elastic fabrics in my country. Textile factories are mainly distributed in southeastern coastal provinces and cities such as Beijing, Tianjin, Shanghai, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, and Guangdong. Core-spun yarn and covered yarn manufacturers Mainly distributed in Jiangsu and Zhejiang; with the advancement of textile technology, the development of spandex products has evolved from swimwear and stretch denim to dance sportswear, sweaters, thermal underwear, worsted fabrics, etc.
In the 1950s, the Swiss Schoeller company first produced elastic fabrics containing elastic fibers in woven products, and applied them in the fields of high-end elastic woven clothing, sports protective clothing, casual clothing and industrial protective clothing. .
New elastic fibers: American Dow XLA, American DuPont T400.
Applications of elastic fibers
Spandex: Knitted products such as bras, underwear, stockings and sportswear are The earliest application field of spandex is also the largest market for spandex, accounting for more than 50%; knitting such as circular knitting, warp knitting, and sock knitting is mainly based on bare silk. Spandex covered yarn and core-spun yarn are widely used in weaving, and a small amount of knitting is used. Used, such as tight sportswear, casual wear.
Lycra Cool T-400: DuPont’s patented product, composed of PET/PTT two-component fibers. The fiber cross-section is four-groove and hollow; mainly used for medium stretch fabrics, such as denim, Shirts and other woven fabrics such as Invista, Only, Texwood
Denim fabrics from Apple, 5th Street, Wei Peng and other brands; elastic silk fabrics; moisture-wicking high-end elastic military fabrics.
PET/PTT composite yarn: used in knitted elastic bands, knitted jacket fabrics (air layer structure, connecting wires using elastic fibers), full-width weft-inserted high-elasticity modulus warp-knitted home textile fabrics with PET cortex PTT core layer.
