Woven fabric has What are the common varieties? What are the characteristics?
Plain weave fabric
This type of product is woven with plain weave or plain weave changes, with many interweaving points, firm texture, smooth surface, and the same appearance effect on the front and back sides, etc. Features. There are many varieties of plain weave fabrics. When warp and weft yarns of different thicknesses, different warp and weft densities, and yarns with different twist, twist direction, tension, and color are used, fabrics with various appearance effects can be woven.
Here are some commonly used plain cotton fabrics:
(1) Plain cloth
Plain cloth is a kind of cloth made of pure cotton, pure fiber, mixed A plain weave made by spinning; the count of warp and weft is equal or close, the warp density and weft density are equal or close, and plain cloth is divided into coarse plain cloth, medium plain cloth and fine plain cloth according to different styles.
Coarse cloth, also known as coarse cloth. It is woven with thicker cotton yarns above No. 32 (below 18 inches) as warp and weft yarns. Its characteristics are that the cloth body is rough and thick, with more neps on the cloth surface, and the cloth body is thick, strong and durable. Coarse cloth is mainly used for clothing interlining or printing and dyeing to make clothing and furniture cloth. In remote mountainous areas and coastal fishing villages, coarse cloth is also used to make bedding, or dyed to make shirts and trousers.
Zhongping cloth, also known as market cloth. It is woven with medium-sized cotton yarn of No. 22-30 (26-20 British count) as warp and weft yarn. It is characterized by a relatively dense structure, a smooth and plump cloth surface, a dense structure, a firm texture, and a hard feel. The original color medium plain fabric is suitable for tie-dyeing and batik processing, and is also often used as interlining or draped fabric. The dyed medium plain fabric is mostly used in casual shirts or blouses.
Fine plain cloth, also known as fine cloth. Fine plain cloth is woven with finer cotton yarns below No. 19 (30 inches or more) as warp and weft yarns. Its characteristics are that the cloth body is fine, clean and soft, the texture is light and tight, the cloth surface has few neps and impurities, and the cloth body is thin. It is usually processed into various bleached cloths, colored cloths and printed cloths, which can be made into shirts and other clothing. In addition, plain cloth (also called fine spinning) woven with cotton yarn below No. 15 (more than 40 inches) and thin plain weave fabric woven with fine (high count) cotton yarn are called glass yarn or bali yarn. They are breathable. Good, suitable for making summer coats, blouses or as decorative fabrics such as curtains. Fine cloth is mostly used as gray cloth for bleaching cloth, colored cloth and floral cloth.
(2) poplin
Poplin is the main variety of cotton, with a silk style, and its feel and appearance are similar to silk, so it is called poplin. It is a kind of fine and high-density cotton fabric. Poplin cloth has clear texture, full grains, smooth and tight texture, crisp and smooth feel, and is available in printed and dyed, dyed striped and other designs and colors.
Poplin is divided into weaving designs and colors, including hidden-stripe hidden-lattice poplin, satin-stripe satin-lattice poplin, jacquard poplin, etc., which are suitable for high-end men’s and women’s shirts. According to the printing and dyeing processing conditions of natural poplin gray cloth, there are bleached poplin, variegated poplin and printed poplin, etc. Printed poplin is usually used in summer women’s clothing and children’s clothing. Depending on the quality of the yarn used, there are fully combed poplin and carded gauze poplin, which are suitable for shirts and skirts of different grades.
(3) Bali yarn
Different from poplin, voile yarn has a particularly small density. It is made of fine, strongly twisted yarn (60 inches)�Satin card etc.
Khaki is the densest twill fabric among cotton fabrics. Khaki fabric has the characteristics of tight texture, clear lines, thick hand feel, stiffness and durability. Because the meridional density is too tight and the resistance to folding and abrasion is poor, the collars, cuffs, trouser legs, etc. of khaki clothing are prone to wear and tear. At the same time, due to the tightness of the gray fabric, it is difficult for the fuel to penetrate into the core of the yarn during the dyeing process, so whitening is prone to occur. Commonly used raw materials for khaki include pure cotton, polyester/cotton, cotton/weft, etc.
After dyeing, finishing and special treatment, khaki can be used as spring, autumn and winter outerwear, uniforms, work clothes, military uniforms, windbreakers, raincoats, casual jackets, casual pants and other clothing fabrics.
(3) Gabardine
Gabardine is a traditional item of wool fabric. Cotton gabardine is made of cotton yarn and is a variety of cotton fabric woven in the style of wool gabardine. Common gabardine is mostly a half-thread fabric, that is, thread warp and weft, while yarn gabardine is rare. The gabardine texture is obvious, the twill lines are steep and straight, the texture is thick but not hard, and the gray cloth must be processed by mercerization, dyeing and other finishing processes. It feels soft, wear-resistant and not easy to break, and it is shiny. Suitable for men’s and women’s clothing in all seasons of spring, autumn and winter.
(4) Serge
Serge, like gabardine, was originally a traditional product of wool fabric, and was later transplanted from wool fabric to cotton fabric. According to the different yarns used, it can be divided into yarn serge, half-thread serge and line serge. The raw materials used mainly include pure cotton, cotton viscose and viscose fiber. Serge is mostly used as bleached and dyed gray cloth. After dyeing, it is used as fabric for men’s and women’s clothing and children’s hats. Yarn serge is also used for printing, and after processing, it is used as fabric for women’s and children’s clothing.
Satin fabric
The warp or weft of satin fabric forms some independent, non-connected warp or weft points in the fabric, and the cloth surface Almost all of it is covered by warp or weft yarns. The warp-faced satin composed of warp floating threads is called Zhigong, and the weft-faced satin composed of weft floating threads is called Henggong. There seems to be diagonal lines on the surface, but there are no obvious diagonal lines like twill. Compared with twill, the warp and weft yarns are interlaced less often, and it has the characteristics of smooth and bright appearance and softer texture.
But the floating threads in satin fabric are easy to wear, fluff, or the fibers are hooked out. The strength of this type of fabric is lower than plain weave fabric and twill fabric.
(1) Drikong
Drigong is a pure cotton fabric made of warp satin weave. Most of them are satin weave and satin variation weave, and those with an inclination angle of more than 75° are called Drikong weaves. Since most of the surface is covered with warp threads, the thick ones have the appearance of wool fabric, so they are also called Gong or Zhi Gong satin; the thin ones have the style of silk satin, so they are called Zhi Gong satin.
Drigong texture is tight and thick, soft to the touch, and the cloth surface is smooth and shiny. According to the yarn used, it is divided into yarn Zhigong and half-line Zhigong; according to the different printing and dyeing processes, it is divided into color Zhigong and flower Zhigong, which generally require electro-optical or calendering finishing. Colored Zhigong is mainly used as outerwear and shoe fabrics; printed Zhigong is mainly used as back and clothing fabrics. The surface of Zhi Gong has a long floating length, and it is easy to get lint when rubbed hard, so it is not suitable to scrub hard.
(2) Henggong
Henggong is a high-end product among cotton fabrics. It usually uses high-quality fine yarn and is woven with five three-fly weft satin weave. system. The yarn of Henggong satin is fine and clean, the fabric is tight, the surface is smooth and smooth, the hand feels soft, the reflection is strong, and it has a silk style, so it is also called Henggong satin. The Henggong satin is printed and dyed, and then calendered or electro-optically finished, resulting in a bright and beautiful appearance. Mainly used as women’s and children’s clothing fabrics and interior decoration fabrics. The surface of Henggong has a long floating length, poor wear resistance, and the cloth surface is easy to fluff. It is not suitable to scrub hard when washing.
The yarn is fine and clean, the fabric is tight, the surface is smooth and smooth, the hand feels soft, the light is strong, and it has a silk style, so it is also called horizontal satin. After printing and dyeing, the horizontal satin is bright and beautiful in appearance. Mainly used as women’s and children’s clothing fabrics and interior decoration fabrics. The surface of Henggong has a long floating length, poor wear resistance, and the cloth surface is easy to fluff. It is not suitable to scrub hard when washing.
