1. Gray cloth price calculation:
1. Amount of yarn used
Grey fabric is woven from warp and weft yarns. Knowing the amount of warp and weft yarns per unit area of gray fabric and the unit price of these yarns, the raw material price of gray fabric can be calculated. Generally, the amount of yarn used in gray fabrics can be understood based on the machine process sheet, or the amount of yarn used can be calculated based on gray fabric samples by measuring the warp and weft density and yarn specifications. When measuring yarn specifications, both a high-precision electronic balance and a judgment of yarn properties are required. By measuring the length and quality of the warp and weft yarns, the yarn’s fineness can be obtained. The basic properties of commonly used textile raw materials can be basically judged through the combustion method.
After receiving samples from customers, the trading company can obtain the gray fabric price calculation results with the help of the textile mill. . Trading companies can also perform calculations to initially confirm product prices. Today, when small batches and multiple varieties are prevalent, the total transaction volume of each customer’s order is not large. Quickly calculating the price of finished products for customers is a concrete manifestation of providing quality services to customers.
For example, remove two synthetic fiber filaments from the gray cloth sample and measure two The mass of a chemical fiber with a root length of 12 cm is 0.0039 grams, then the fineness of the yarn is:
0.0039(g)÷2÷12(cm)×100(cm/m)×1000(m)=163(special)
Through combustion experiments, it was observed that the fiber emits white smoke when burning, and the residue after burning is a black hard substance. It can be preliminarily determined that the fiber is 166 Tex polyester filament. Dyeing the gray fabric samples with acid dyes, disperse dyes and cationic dyes respectively can also further confirm the properties of the gray fabric raw materials. The raw material with the deepest coloring by acid dyes at room temperature is nylon; the deepest coloring by cationic dyes is acrylic or modified polyester that can be dyed with cationic dyes; it can be clearly seen after boiling dyeing for 20 minutes under weak acidic conditions that the color of the gray fabric to be tested is dyed with disperse dyes deepest. In actual production, after polyester-cotton blended yarn and polyester-viscose blended yarn are woven into fabrics, the whiteness of the gray cloth surface is different, and polyester-viscose gray fabric is whiter. No matter what method is used to determine the basic properties of raw materials, it is necessary to listen to expert opinions for final confirmation. It is easier to judge the basic properties of fiber raw materials through the finished product than through the gray cloth.
2. Weaving cost
When weaving woven fabric gray cloth, the higher the weft density, the lower the weaving efficiency and the higher the weaving cost. The textile factory finally determines the cost of gray fabric weaving based on comprehensive consideration of raw material specifications, weft density, weaving efficiency, weaving difficulty and other factors. Usually the weaving fee given by the textile factory is the weaving price per centimeter of gray cloth. When expressing this price, it is often replaced by “shuttle” instead of “shuttle/cm”. If the weft density on a certain gray fabric is 16 shuttles/cm, and the weft density on another gray fabric is 32 shuttles/cm, the weaving cost of the former is 50% lower than that of the latter when the weaving speed is the same. The more complex the fabric structure, the more difficult it is to weave. All the weaving equipment of a factory are wide-width air-jet looms, and the stipulated weft density is 16 shuttles/cm. The weaving price of plain polyester gray fabric is 0.018 yuan, so the weaving and processing fee of the fabric is 1.8 yuan/meter. The price of this fabric per 100 shuttles is:
100 (shuttles) ÷16 (shuttles/ cm) × 0.018 (yuan/cm) = 0.1125 (yuan)
3. Raw material loss
During the weaving process, the gray fabric must be cut off before being wound to the rolling bar. side organization. If finished product samples or gray fabric samples are used as samples to analyze the price structure of gray fabrics, raw material consumption must be taken into consideration. Use gray cloth samples to analyze the price of gray cloth. The yarn consumption for the selvage structure of chemical fiber filament can be calculated as 1.5% of the total yarn used per unit area of the gray cloth; for gray cloth using chemical fiber and cellulose fiber blended yarn as raw materials, the selvedge structure use The yarn consumption can be calculated as 2% of the total yarn used per unit area of gray fabrics; the yarn consumption for the edge tissue of cellulose fiber products can be calculated as 2.5%-3% of the total yarn used per unit area of gray fabrics. When estimating the price of gray fabrics based on finished product samples, the yarn consumption of the selvedge tissue can be appropriately increased.
3. Fabric price calculation:
The total textile processing fee is the sum of the textile gray cloth price, dyeing fee, warp shrinkage and inspection and packaging fees.But this does not fully express the actual price of the product.Usually there are other costs incurred in textile export trade, such as packing costs, transportation costs, defective product costs, reasonable profits, customs declaration fees and other costs, etc.
Based on 1000 pieces of fabric, the packing of ordinary large containers The cost is about 300 yuan. The transportation cost of this container from the surrounding areas of Shanghai to Shanghai Port is generally about 1,500 yuan. The product of a container is calculated as 60,000 meters, so the packing and transportation fees of 1,800 yuan are divided into 60,000 meters of finished products. The new added cost of each meter of product is 0.03 yuan. Usually the number of defective products is within 2% of the total number of products. If it exceeds 2%, it indicates that there is a problem with product quality control. Still taking the product of 15 yuan per meter as an example, if the number of defective products is the total number of 2%, then the increased cost is 0.3 yuan per meter.
Through the above calculation, it is not It is difficult to find that if each container product is not well controlled during the processing, it will increase the cost astonishingly. Strengthening process control, strengthening product quality planning, and strengthening internal communication are important means to control product quality, otherwise it will cause textile exports The larger the processing volume, the more serious the loss.
