Troubleshooting and treatment of sawtooth machine ginning. Control of output and quality of sawtooth machine ginning
There are many factors that affect the output and quality of sawtooth gins, and these factors are mutually restrained and influence each other. From the actual production point of view, the properties of cotton (maturity, moisture content, impurity content), equipment components and assembly, process and operating technology are the main factors affecting output and quality. Therefore, in order to improve the quality of the ginning process, it is necessary to control the appropriate moisture content of the cotton; completely remove the original impurities, control and eliminate new defects and impurities; strengthen the rational use and maintenance of the ginning equipment; maintain the good working condition of the mechanism; Arrange the process reasonably and master the correct operation method. Only in this way can high quality and high yield be achieved.
(1) Moisture content of cotton
When ginning, the moisture content of cotton must be controlled. Generally, the moisture content of cotton is required to be around 8%. Taking into account the actual moisture content of cotton in my country, the moisture content of domestically produced cotton gins can be between 8% and 10%. The moisture content is greater than 10%, and it can be rolled after being spread or dried.
(2) Density of sub-cotton rolls
In large-scale production, sub-cotton rolls should maintain an appropriate density. If the sub-cotton rolls are too loose or too tight, the machine will not operate properly. The density of the sub-cotton rolls is small, the hooking efficiency of the saw teeth is low, and the output is reduced. At the same time, cotton with fiber will easily fall, the hair rate will increase, and the clothing loss will increase. Excessive cotton roll density has a direct impact on output and quality. The main manifestations are as follows.
(1) It puts great pressure on the saw blade and consumes a lot of power.
(2) If the row is not smooth or the row is uneven, the cotton linters may be peeled off.
(3) The resistance of cotton rolls to leisure is large, and it is easy to stop, which increases the number of stops and affects the output.
(4) Increase the pressure and friction of the cotton roll on the saw blade, the saw blade is easy to deform, the saw teeth are easy to be damaged, and the service life of the saw blade is shortened.
(5) The fibers between the sawtooth recesses easily slip off, and free fibers increase. These free fibers easily form fibrous defects such as neps and cords.
(6) The friction between cotton fibers and saw blades and work boxes intensifies, easily generating heat, damaging the waxy layer on the surface of the fibers, and reducing the use value of lint.
(7) The fibers are easily tightened at the roots of the saw teeth, making the brushing process difficult and affecting the hooking ability of the saw teeth. At the same time, the unbrushed fibers return to the sub-cotton, easily producing neps and cords.
(3) The impact of main components on output and quality
1. Cleansing roller
The impurity removal efficiency of the cleaning roller is mainly determined by the quantity of cotton processed per unit time and the size of the roller Line speed decisions. Generally, the linear speed of the licker-in roller is preferably 8 to 10m/s, and the maximum speed cannot exceed 11m/s. If the speed of the licker-in roller is too high, the impact force on the cotton will be great, and it is easy to break the cotton and cause defects; if the line speed is too small, the amount of cotton to be cleaned will be small or insufficient, the cotton will not be loosened, and the cleaning efficiency will be low.
Appropriate spacing should be maintained between spikes and debris removal mesh. If the spacing is too small, the cotton will follow the spikes, resulting in low impurity removal efficiency, and the spikes will hit the cotton sharply, easily damaging the fibers and causing breakage; if the spacing is too large, the speed of the cotton will lag too much behind the speed of the spikes. , it is easy to block, produce twisting, and form neps and cords, making it difficult to remove impurities. Generally, the distance between the spike end and the debris removal mesh is 12 to 15 mm.
2. Saw blade cylinder
(1) The saw blade should be flat, the thickness should not exceed the tolerance range, and the surface should be clean without missing teeth, undercut teeth, burrs, etc. The tooth tip thickness is 0.5~0.6mm, and the tooth root arc radius is 0.25~0.35mm.
(2) Depending on the grade and moisture content of the cotton, different rotation speeds are used. When sorting cotton with high grade and low moisture content, the rotation speed can be higher (about 850r/min); when sorting cotton with low grade and high moisture content, the rotation speed should be lower (about 700r/min).
3. Ribs
The spacing between rib working points is preferably 2.8~3.2mm, and the spacing between the upper parts of the ribs should be expanded from 3.2mm to 4.5~5mm. The arc surface from the rib working point to the top hole and both sides must be completely smooth and free of burrs.
4. Brush roller
The surface linear speed of the brush roller should be about 3 times the surface linear speed of the saw blade cylinder (generally 1600~1800r/min), in order to maintain an appropriate brushing speed, and It can provide appropriate air flow speed in the lint pipe to keep the lint collection smooth. The bristles of the brush must be neat and dense, with no unevenness or defects on the surface, and must fit correctly with the front and rear windshields and side windshields. The brush bristles must mesh with the saw teeth by 0 to 2 mm. The brush roller must be round, firm, airtight, airtight, and must operate sensitively and be correct and balanced to avoid vibration and damage to the machine.
5. Lap box
The geometry and smoothness of the lap box have a great influence on the normal operation of the sub-lap and the ginning output and quality. The cotton lap box must ensure the smooth operation of the cotton laps and smooth rowing during the production process. Starting from the working point of the embossed ribs, the inner wall of the cotton lap box has a small radius of curvature. After passing through the breast plate, movable cover plate, and holding plate, the curvature radius increases in sequence. Generally, the radius from small to large is controlled at 25 to 50 mm.
(4) Operator’s technical literacy
Operator’s technical literacy not only includes the operator’s proficiency in operating mechanical equipment, but also includes his attitude towards work.
Workers with good working attitude and skilled operation can make the cotton according to the properties and rolling conditions of the cotton.According to the quality requirements of lint cotton, the technical parameters of the equipment should be adjusted promptly and accurately so that the equipment can fully function.
There are various factors that affect the output and quality of ginning. In addition to the above key factors, they are also related to the corporate governance level.
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